Static electric machine.



' PATENTED JULY 31, 19 06. 0. BA-YSDORPER.

STATIC ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 9. 1905.

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No. 827,497. I PATENTED JULY 31, 1906.

' 0. BAYSDORFER.

STATIC ELECTRIC MACHINE. APPLIUATION FILED Home. 1905.

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UNITED STATES PATENT orrion.

OTTO BAYSDORFER, OF OMAHA, NEBRASKA.

STATIC ELECTRIC MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

ratented July 31, 1906.

A li ati filed November 9,1905. Serial No. 286,527.

' chines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in static electric machines forexcitingfstoring, and discharging electricity, and has reference tonovel features of constructionemployed, and particularly to thepresentation of a new form of condenser, and improvements foraccumulation of electrical charges, adaptability for withstandingdamp-weather influences, and for dismemberment improvement in manner ofmounting induction-disks and manner of making contact of armatures ofthe induction-disks with metal brush-bearing arms; the mounting ofelectrical collectorarms relatively with brush-bearing arms toconveniently increase the friction-field, and the introduction of fiatstorage-plates which discharge new functions; the grouping of necessarymetal parts and insulating them; the mounting of the verticalconductor-rods directly upon the collector-arms in a manner to decreasethe size of the inclosing case.

The principal reason for employing and arranging the novel parts of theinvention in the manner shown has been the construction of a machinewhich would be of small size and light Weight and which would possesspower equal to larger machines.

l/Vith these and other objects in view the invention presents a novelconstruction and arrangement of parts, as disclosed herein.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents avertical front elevation of theinvention mounted in the inclosing case 9, the principal parts beingmounted upon the supporting-leaf 7,

the front of the case not being shown. Fig. 2 represents an end view ofFig. 1. Fig. 3 represents a rear view of the supporting-leaf, being avertical elevation showing rotating means mounted on the outer side andparts broken away to show vertically-mounted storage-plates mounted uponthe inner side of the supporting-leaf and relative position of theplates. Fig. 4 is a vertical elevation showing one of the inner sides offrame 9 and one of the insulating-plates 10 or 10 mounted thereon. Fig.5 represents a plan view of Fig. 3 introduced to clearly show relativepo sitions of parts mounted on supporting-leaf 7, this part of themachine and supportingleaf 7 being removable from the frame 9, the rods42 and 42 being detachable from the electrical collecting-arms 14 and14, respec tively, at their points of contact. Fig. 6 is a detail ofFig. 1 to indicate the positions of the circular fields of tin-foil uponthe interior surfaces of induction-disks. 1 and 2, and the relativepositions of the conducting-rods a and b, the inner ends of which makecontact with the tin-foil. Fig. 7 represents a vertical side view of theglass plate used as one of the parts of the condensers, the centralfield of tin-foil being represented by the numeral 33. parts shown inFig. 7, the central fields of tinfoil mounted thereon being representedby the numerals 33 and 34. Fig.9 represents a face view of theinsulating-plate employed to cover the field 34 of tin-foil, theaperture appearingat the numeral 35. Fig. 10 represents a perspectiveview of the two plates shown by Figs. 8 and 9, joined to form a unitcondenser, the edges being sealed or cemented by a non-conductingsubstance. Fig. 11 represents an end view of Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is adetail of Fig. 5, being an enlarged view of certain parts thereof toparticularly illustrate the position of metal conductingrods a and?)with reference to the circular fields of tin-foil 27 and 28 and to showthe mounting of said metal conducting-rods on the metal brush-bearingarms.

Referring to the several drawings, the

numerals 1 and 2 represent circular stationary central induction platesor disks mounted upon nonconducting posts 3, 4, and 5,

Fig. 8 represents an end view of the said posts being mounted near theouter edges of the vertically-disposed supportingleaf 7 and extendinginwardly therefrom at substantially a right angle. The central disks arepreferably constructed of glass usual to machines of this class and havea lower mounting or support upon the non-conducting post 6, this postbeing constructed integral with the base 8 The base 8 rests slidablyupon the lower part of the frame 9 and is constructed rigid with thesupporting-leaf 7. Nearly all of the mechanism employed is operativelymounted upon the vertical supporting-leaf 7, and the latter is readilyremovable from the frame or case 9, and in this manner is furnished aconvenient means for obtaining access to any of the parts in case ofaccident orfor repairs. The only parts not mounted upon thesupporting-leaf 7 are the nonconducting sleeves 43 and 44, which inclosethe vertical conducting-rods 42 and 42, the insulating-plates 10 and 10,and of course the slidable discharging-rods 47 and 48- at the top of thecase, it being understood that leaf 7 and. base 8, rigidly mountedthereon, is adapted to have a sliding movement horizontally within frame9, the collector arms .14 and 1 4 coming in. correct horizontalalinement with the lower ends of the vertically-extendingconducting-rods 42 and 42 at the time of assembling, and since condnoting-rods 42 and 42, as well as sleeves 43 and 44, are not adapted tohave any vertical movement the collector-arms will make reliable contactwith the lower ends of said conductor-rods Whenever supporting-leaf 7 isreplaced in the frame. Plates 10 and 10 are rigidly mounted upon theinner sides of the frame or case 9 by means of the series ofinsulating-posts 12. The insulating-plates 10 and 10 occupy a verticalposition adjacent to the U-shaped collecting-arms 14 and 14 and U-shapedbrush.- bearing arms 13 and 13, and these insulating-plates are noobstruction to the removal of supporting-leaf 7 and mechanism mentioned,from the case 9.

I employ the circular plates 15 and 15- of a less diameter butof-similar material to the inner plates or disks 1 and 2 and. rigidlymount them, insulated, upon the shaft 16, the latter being suitablyjournaled uponthe vertical supporting-leaf 7, and provide the pulleys 17and 18, connected by the belt 19, the last-named pulley being providedwith the handle 20, and by rotating pulley 1.8 a circular movement isimparted to plates 15 and 15 in a manner so that the rotation will be ina direction from the brush-bearing arms toward the collector-arms.Plates 15 and 15 are positioned one upon either side of and parallelwith the inner disks 1 and 2.

The metal brush-bearing arms 13 and 13 are provided withfriction-brushes 21.. The metal collector-arms 14 and 14 are providedwith metal,collector-points 22, these brushes and collector-points beingmounted transversely to the outer vertical surfaces of plates 15 and1.5, the brushes being in contact and the collector-points closelyadjacent to the outer surfaces of these plates, and. on the outersurfaces of said plates 15 and 1.5 are mounted at regular intervals theseries of small disks 23, which aid in the generation and collection ofelectricity.

Upon the horizontally-disposed non-conducting posts 3 and 5 are rigidlyand vertically mounted the non-conducting standards 24 and 25, whichfurnish a mounting for the metal brush-bearing and collector-arms, thismounting being effected by means of screws having the globular heads 26,this mounting of the electrical collector-arms, as well as that of thebrush-bearing arms, being rigid upon their respective standards, saidarms extending at right angles to the standards and parallel with eachother. By this construction the operative metal parts are closelyassembled in a manner so that they may be effectively insulated by theadjacent vertically-rlisposerl plates 10 and .10; also by reason of thisparallel arrangement the distance apart of the inner ends of each metalcollector-arm from each metal brush-bearing arm is conveniently madegreater than when mounted converg- Jngly toward the center of thesedisks.

Upon the inner surfaces of stationary disks 1 and 2 and near theperipheries thereof are mounted armatures, the circular fields oftin-foil 27 and 28, Fig. 6, in a manner so that each field 27 and 28will lie opposite each other, this being a common construction in.machines of this class, except that the tinfoil has generally beenextended from the armature-field to a point flush with the periphery.This I consider a faulty construction, and therefore employ the metalcoi'iductingrods a and 6, Figs. 5, 6, and 12. The rod (1 makes contactwith the upper end 28 of field 28, and conductingred 1) makes contactwith the lower end 27 of field 27. The conducting-rods a and i) areconstructed of smooth metal and have a rigid mounting upon the innercenter of the U-shaped brush-bearing arms and are effective electricalconductors for transferring electrical charges from the armature parts27 and 28 to the metal brushbearing arms 13 and 13, Figs. 1 and 6. Thisconstruction avoids the objectionable extension of the tin-foil from theends of each inner circular armature to the edge of the disk, abovedescribed, resulting generally in an escape of a portion. of theelectrical charges. It is found that the use of these rods e and tallows practically no escape of the charges.

As a means for storing electrical charges I employ the reservoirs orcondensers 29 and 30, which will now be explained. These reservoirs aresimilarly constructed of two nonconduoting plates, as the glass plates31 and and 32, Figs. 7 and 9, of similar size and prefer bly ofrectangular form. Upon each side of plate 31 are mounted armatures, asthe sheets of tin-foil 33 and 34, Fig. 8. sheet 34, as well as thesurface of plate 3 1 upon which sheet 34 is mounted, is then covered byone of the sides of plate 32. Said plate 32 is a simple plate of glassprovided with no armature, but is perforated at 35, and the edges ofboth plates after being thus positioned are made rigidly adhesive, as bysealing or inclosing these edges with a non-conducting cement. Thesealing along the entire edges of the plates after placing one upon theother is very thorough, and the edges generally present a somewhat roughappearance, as best shown by Fig. 10 or Fig. 11, and plates 31 and 32after being thus oined are employed as condensers in the invention, oneof their functions being to receive and contain elec- The tricalcharges. These storage-plates, however, perform at least two otherfunctions, as will be presently explained. The sealing together of theplates in the manner described with non-conducting cement is for thepurpose, as is obvious, of preventing the escape of the accumulatedcharges. The aperture 35 is cut transversely through the side of plate32 and a metal conductor 36, Fig. 5, is employed leading from each ofthe metal U shaped collectorarms 14 and 14 to and through the apertures35, Fig. 9, so that said conductors 36 contact with the respectivesheets 34.

The condenser 30 is mounted vertically and rigidly upon non-conductingposts 5 and 37, and condenser 29 is mounted vertically and rigidly uponnon-conducting posts 3 and 38. The condensers as thus mounted occupysubstantially the same vertical plane and are positioned, laterallyconsidered, about midway between the vertical supporting-leaf 7 and theadjacent U-shaped metal arms above mentioned and it will be noted thaton account of this construction the condensers occupy a very limitedlateral space which is considered a great'advantage since it adds to theportable features of the invention. There is now ademand for staticelectric machines of light weight and occupying small space, and theinvention permits this construction by reason of the slight lateralspace occupied by the condensers.

The condensers 29 and 30 are coated with shellac, thereby not beingreadily influenced by moisture for electrical generation or conduction,and the plate 32 of each condenser operates as an insulator between thestored charges of said condensers and the adjacent parts of the machinein a manner to prevent the escape of the charges, this being anotherfunction discharged. e

In order that disks 1 and 2 may not be displaced or rotated, I constructthe facets 39 and 40, cut from the periphery of these disks, and thesquared edges thus formed are placed within slots 52 and 52, Fig. 5, ina manner to prevent rotation of said disks, and this preserves thecontact of metal rods a and b with the ends of the fields of tin-foil 27and 28.

From the description thus given it will be understood that electricityis excited by rotation of plates 15 and 15 upon the surfaces of whichthe brushes 21 make contact, the electric charges being received uponthe metal collector-points 22 and conveyed upon the metal U-shapedcollector-arms to rods 36, and thence conducted to the condensers 29 and30, positive electricity being conducted to one condenser and negativeelectricity be ing conducted to the other of said condensers by repeatedcharges, this separation being effected by means of the armatures uponthe stationary induction-disks cooperating with rods a and b and theelectrical exciting means described. During this process of rotation theneutralizing-rod 41 and the brushes 41 thereon discharge their usualfunction to cause electrical neutrality of. a part of the surfaces ofdisks 15 and 15.

Metal conducting-rods 42 and 42, Fig. 1, extend upward from thecollector-arms 14 and 14 through nonconducting sleeves 43 and 44. Thesesleeves are mounted rigidly upon the upper part of the case andterminate in balls 45 and 46. Slidable discharging-rods 47 and 48 aremounted withinsuitable openings through these heads or balls 45 and 46,and nonconducting handles 49 and 50 are employed, and since a metal andelectrical contact is made in the manner described the storedelectricity may be dis charged in a manner generally well known.

The machine or case is provided with a suitable handle 51, and beingunusually portable by reason of the devices described is a veryconvenient construction, having equal capacity with large machines. Inorder that there may be a loss of the least amount of electricitypossible during its generation, the flat vertically-disposedstorage-plates are utilized as insulators, as above described, andnearly all of the metal parts are assembled at central parts of themachine and thoroughly insulated by means of plates 1.0 and 10, alreadymentioned. The metal balls 26 and balls 13 and 14 upon the free ends ofall of the U-shaped arms have extensive surfaces for the sole purpose ofpreventing any loss at these terminals. While a narrow construction inorder to secure portability is made possible by employment ofvertically-placed storage-plates, it will be noted that a saving is madeof space, since the conducting-rods 42 and 42 pass vertically fromcollector-arms 14 and 14 directly to the upper part of the case.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. In combination, a static electricmachine comprising a case having side walls and a vertically-disposedsupporting-leaf U- shaped brush-bearing arms and U-shapedcollector-arms; transversely-disposedv non-conducting posts rigidlymounted upon and near the outer edges of said vertically-disposedsupporting-leaf stationary armatured induction-disks disposed parallelwith said vertically-disposed supporting-leaf and having squared edgesengaging said transversely-disposed non-conducting posts; rotatabledisks mounted parallel with and operatively adj acent to said stationaryarmatured inductiondisks said U-shaped brush-bearing arms and U-shapedcollector-arms mounted insulatedly and adjacent to the side walls ofsaid case and extending operatively adjacent to said rotatable disksvertically-disposed storage-plates electrically connected with thecollector-arms and mounted upon said transversely-disposednon-conducting posts and extending parallel with and between said vertically-disposed supporting-leaf and said rotatable disks; a metalconnecting-rod upon said U-shaped brush-bearing arms and extendedbetween said stationary armatured induction-disks; and insulatedconductingrods mounted on said collector-arms and extended upwardlytherefrom.

2. A static electric machine, in combination, comprising stationaryinduction-disks, a case having side walls and a supportingleaivertically disposed and rotatable disks mounted upon saidsupporting-leaf parallel with and operatively adjacent to saidstationary induction disks brush-bearing arms and collector-armshorizontally dis osed and mounted adjacent to the inner si es of saidcase and extended substantially parallel in a manner to traverse theopposite peripheries of said rotatable disks; vertically-disposedstorage-plates electrically connected with said collector-arins andmounted interposedly between said rotatable disks and saidsupporting-leaf, and upwardly-extending insulated conductingrodscontactingly mounted upon said collector arms.

3. In a static electric machine, the combination of a pair of disksmounted stationary and parallel and provided with armatures upon theirinner sides near their peripheries, a pair of revoluble disks adjacentto said stationary disks and mounted parallel; metal brush-bearing armsmounted operatively adjacent to said revoluble disks; metallic rodsformed upon. said metal brush-bearing arms and extended between saidstationary disks to said ari'natures; collector-arms mounted withinoperative proximity to said pair of revoluble disks; a pair ofelectrical accumulators;

each of the electrical accumulators of said pair comprising a firstglass plate having an armature upon the central part of each sidesurface thereof, a second glass plate mounted I flatwise upon each firstglass plate in a man ner to cover one of the armatures upon the centralpart of the side surface of said first glass plate; said first andsecond glass plates of each of the accumulators of said pair havingsubstantially coincident edges inclosed with non-conducting material; anaperture formed in each of said second glass plates adj acent to each ofsaid covered armatures of each of said first glass plates of said pairof accumulators, and a metal rod inserted in each of said apertures toelectrically connect said covered armatures of each of said first lassplates of said pair of electrical accumuators with said collector-arm.

l. A static electric machine, in combinatio-n, comprising a case havingside walls and a supporting-leaf, vertically-disposed and rotatabledisks mounted upon said supporting leaf parallel with andoperatively adjacent to stationary inductiondisks; brush-bearing armsand collector-arms horizontally disposed and mounted adjacent to theinner sides of said case and extended substantially parallel in a mannerto traverse the opposite peripheries of said rotatable disks;verticallydisposed insulating-plates mounted interposedly between theinner sides of said case and said brush-bearing and collector-arms;vertically-disposed storage-plates electrically connected with saidcollector-arms and mounted interposedly between said rotatable disks andsaid supporting-leaf and upwardlyin ly mounted upon said collector-arms.

in testimony whereof I allix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

OTTO BAYSDORFER.

Witnesses FREDERIG BAEM,

O. MoLEoD.

extending insulated conducting-rods contact-

